دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله متد جدید ساخت دیوارهای دیافراگم – ASCE 1999
دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی + خرید ترجمه فارسی | |
عنوان فارسی مقاله: |
جدید برای ساخت دیوارهای دیافراگمی |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله: |
New Method for Construction of Diaphragm Walls |
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مشخصات مقاله انگلیسی (PDF) | |
سال انتشار | ۱۹۹۹ |
تعداد صفحات مقاله انگلیسی | ۹ صفحه با فرمت pdf |
رشته های مرتبط با این مقاله | مهندسی عمران |
گرایش های مرتبط با این مقاله | سازه، خاک و پی و مدیریت ساخت |
چاپ شده در مجله (ژورنال) | مجله مهندسی و مدیریت ساخت و ساز – JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT |
ارائه شده از دانشگاه | دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه زاگازیگ، مصر |
رفرنس | دارد ✓ |
کد محصول | F972 |
نشریه | ASCE |
مشخصات و وضعیت ترجمه فارسی این مقاله (Word) | |
وضعیت ترجمه | انجام شده و آماده دانلود |
تعداد صفحات ترجمه تایپ شده با فرمت ورد با قابلیت ویرایش | ۱۵ صفحه با فونت ۱۴ B Nazanin |
ترجمه عناوین تصاویر و جداول | ترجمه شده است ✓ |
ترجمه متون داخل تصاویر | ترجمه نشده است ☓ |
ترجمه متون داخل جداول | ترجمه نشده است ☓ |
درج تصاویر در فایل ترجمه | درج شده است ✓ |
درج جداول در فایل ترجمه | درج شده است ✓ |
کیفیت ترجمه | کیفیت ترجمه این مقاله متوسط میباشد |
فهرست مطالب |
چکیده
مقدمه
روش ساخت و ساز
روش حفاری و تجهیزات
تقویت ساختار و پایه کیج
توالی اجرایی و بتون ریزی
ابزار و پایش
مشکلات هنگام ساخت
بررسی سیستم جدید
هزینه
برنامه
نتیجه گیری
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بخشی از ترجمه |
مقدمه |
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی |
INTRODUCTION A diaphragm wall is constructed by excavating a trench that is temporarily supported by a bentonite slurry. In conventional diaphragm wall systems, the reinforcement is lowered into the trench as a series of discrete elements. When the soil inside an unanchored or unbraced wall is excavated, the wall acts as a series of individual cantilever panels. Unless these panels are very heavily reinforced, there is a risk of differential movement, cracking, and water leakage. Recently, a circular diaphragm wall, believed to be one of the largest ever built, was constructed in Egypt with a continuous horizontal reinforcement. By virtue of reinforcement continuity, the wall acts as a homogenous cylinder, resisting earth pressure and water pressure through the development of tensile stresses. Therefore, the new construction method offers substantial opportunity for reducing the steel reinforcement requirement. Fig. 1 shows a layout for the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, constructed in Egypt on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. The old Bibliotheca Alexandrina, which contained more than 700,000 books, was built in 300 BC. Unfortunately, the old Bibliotheca Alexandria was destroyed at the end of the fourth century. It was decided to build a new Bibliotheca Alexandrina having a floor area of 40,000 m2 and containing several buildings. These buildings serve to house cultural activities, books and periodical collections, administrative and technical services, an international school for information studies, and conference center auxiliary services. The main building of the project is a library that consists of four basements and six floors. The construction of the four basements for the library required an excavation of about 12 m. It was first considered to construct the basement within a circular sheet pile cofferdam, but the size (160 m in diameter) ruled out internal propping. In addition, Egyptian law would have banned the use of ground anchors under the buildings in proximity. A diaphragm wall, believed to be one of the largest ever built, was thus used to support the excavation for the library. A total of about 506 linear meters of diaphragm wall 1.2 m thick was constructed down 35.5 m. The library layout perimeter is a circle having a 160 m diameter. The library was close to an existing building, so the southwestern side of the diaphragm wall was distorted into a straight line, as shown in Fig. 1. This straight section was stiffened by external webs, and these webs were prestressed by posttensioning to avoid any possibility of tension cracking and to control the deflection. The corner part of the diaphragm wall was subjected to very large values of tensile stresses and bending moments due to the sudden change in the layout of the wall. After many trials, it was decided to stiffen the corners with closed boxes filled with grout. This paper reports on a new construction method for the diaphragm walls. The novelty in this method is attributed to the continuity of horizontal reinforcement through the wall panels. The purpose is to eliminate the use of shoring systems or ground anchors to support the diaphragm wall. The objective of this paper is to document the significant aspects of construction so as to maintain awareness and share experience among constructors. METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION Excavation Method and Equipment Before commencing construction, three trial panels having the same features as the library diaphragm wall panels were constructed down to the design depth to calibrate the construction procedures. A guide wall about 1.5 m deep below the ground level, conforming to the perimeter of the diaphragm wall, was built before commencing the excavation. A highly sophisticated hydromill-type cutter supported by heavy crawler crane, shown in Fig. 2, was used for the excavation process. The base of the hydromill has two drums fitted with tungsten carbide tipped cutters that rotate in opposite directions to perform the excavation for soil or rock. The type and dimensions of the drums are chosen according to the mechanical characteristics of the materials to be excavated. Just above the drums, a suction pump extracts the drilling fluid with cuttings and delivers it to the desanding plant through circulation lines. Before starting the excavation of each panel, the hydromill was located and maintained in the correct position by means of a steel guide frame fixed to the guide walls. The frame was tightly clamped to the inner faces of the guide walls by hydraulic jacks and remained fixed in position during the cutting and excavation process. The hydromill is equipped with transducers to measure the cutter depth, the inclination of the excavation in both the transverse and longitudinal directions, and the torque and rotational speed of the drums. These transducers are connected to a readout device located in the operator cabin. During the excavation for the diaphragm wall, bentonite/polymer slurry was continually fed into the excavation. The slurry level was maintained at ground level, thus ensuring a positive head on the sides of the trench. |