دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله کیفیت: سومین عنصر مدیریت ارزش کسب شده (نشریه الزویر 2015)

کیفیت: سومین عنصر مدیریت ارزش کسب شده

Quality: The Third Element of Earned Value Management

Abstract

This paper aims to contribute to studies seeking to add the quality component into earned value management method using as background a case study in agricultural operation. Thus, this case study considered harvesting soybean in a farm located in Brazil as a project. A methodology for calculating the Quality Earned Value (QEV) is proposed. It is proposed formulas to estimate the Quality Variance (QV), Quality Index Number (QIN), and Quality Performance Index (QPI). It was identified five quality indicators for harvesting soybean that were used to illustrate the proposed method. Also, it was evaluated the possibility of using the EVM to assess the operational performance of crops. The lack of quality resulted in a QIN as 0.67 (average), and an accumulated QEV as R$ 7,074.12. The results indicated a SPI as 0.07, the total cost as R$ 10,470.60, average CPI as 0.46, and an expense of R$ 2,519.25 higher than planned budget (R$ 7,950.90). The results indicated that it is possible to add the quality component in EVM method and that EVM can be used to measure the performance of harvesting soybean, however, further assessments are needed.

1 Introduction

The actual business environment, with scarce resources and high competition, demands efficient managerial tools to delivery projects on time, on budget, and in accordance of the stakeholders’ requirements. On this scenario, Earned Value Management (EVM) is recognized as an efficient tool to measure performance and provide feedback for ongoing project [12]. Another important EVM feature is its applicability in a range of project types from Aeronautics [10] to research projects [2].

However, the EVM methodology does not include the quality component in its method. In 2011, the North American government requested to the Department of Defense (DoD) to consider its inclusion in the Earned Value Management System (EVMS) of Dod’s acquisition program [14]. [17] Explained the problem stating that while EVM is efficient to provide information on the project budget and costs status, EVM is still weak to inform whether the custimers quality requirements has been met.

In order to address this issue, articles have been published trying to contribute with the efforts to include quality in the EVM sucha as [15]; [7]; [17]; and [8]. [15] Propose to use the Capability Maturity Model Integration to strengthen adherence to EVM principles, especially regarding quality assurance. [7] Used control chart to monitor variation in schedule and costs performances. [17] Proposed to integrate critical quality metrics into the EVM. [15] Suggested to use quality cost as quality variable and introduces it into the EVM.

On this scenario, this paper aims to contribute with the knowledge building efforts to add quality into the EVM. It is proposed a method that focuses on the actual cost to meet the project quality requirement. The method is described using as a project the soybean harvesting operation.