دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله ویژگی های جلبک دریایی به عنوان مواد اولیه برای لوازم آرایشی (نشریه الزویر 2016)

مشخصات جلبک دریایی به عنوان مواد خام برای لوازم آرایشی

Characteristics of Seaweed as Raw Materials for Cosmetics

Abstract

Bioactive components found in seaweed is very prospective to be applied in cosmetics. One type of seaweed with unknown characteristics is Caulerpa sp. This study aimed to determine the content Caulerpa which can be a component of raw material for making cosmetic. The analysis were for the proximate with AOAC method, amino acids, vitamins A, B and E using by HPLC, phytochemical test method Harborne, antioxidant activity (DPPH) and total phenols (Folin-Ciocalteau). Proximate Caulerpa sp. showed that consecutive include water 76.065%, 1.231% ash, 3.73% protein, 0.35% fat, and carbohydrates 18.645%. The dominant amino acids resulted was glutamate, histidine, arginine, aspartate, tyrosine, alanine, and valine [greater of 100 mg · (100 g)–1]. 487.09 mg · (100 g)–1 Vitamin A, Vitamin B 0.42 mg · (100 g)–1, Vitamin E 2.22 mg · (100 g)–1. Derived bioactive components consis of steroids, flavonoids, phenols hydroquinone and saponin, with total phenol at 0.0441 mg GAE · g–1 and antioxidant activity with IC50 of 451.27 mg · kg–1.

1 Introduction

Bioactive components found in seaweed is very prospective to be applied in cosmetics. One type of seaweed with unknown characteristics is Caulerpa sp. Seaweed that used in this study is Caulerpa sp. from Tual waters, Southeast Maluku, Indonesia. Tual marine area reaches 98.67 % of the total area of Tual City. Seaweed production in Tual is constantly increasing, in 2009 it amounted to 3 285 t, in 2010 amounted to 4 872.9 t, in 2011 amounted to 7 947.4 t, and in 2012 amounted to 8 953.32 t of dried seaweed (BPS, 2013). There are 203 species of green seaweed in Indonesia, which consist of seven orders, 19 families and 48 genera. One of genus is Caulerpa which consists of 34 species (Atmadja et al., 1996). According to Fithriani (2009), Caulerpa racemosa can be consumed as fresh vegetables. According to Talakua (2011), Arowi, Manokwari beach community already know that Caulerpa racemosa can be consumed, but people have not utilized that. Seaweed is also consumed as fresh vegetables or made into “urap” by coastal communities in the northern of Java island, especially in Central Java, Jepara, Pati, Juwana, and Rembang, but coastal communities in Bali generally consume seaweed by boiling it first. Santoso et al. (2002) states that seaweed which can be consumed contains insoluble dietary fiber which is composed of cellulose and hemicellulose. Seaweed is a natural substance that contains a variety of organic and inorganic substances which are beneficial to human health, contain vitamins and minerals that are very high which has been used in agriculture, industry pharmaceutical, biomedical, and nutraceutical (Marcia et al., 2004). According to Burtin (2003), generally seaweed contains large amounts of lipid levels were normal fibers, and has a low protein composition that is equal to 5 % to 15 %. Group of green and red seaweed contains a higher protein, i.e. 10 % to 30 % dry weight (Matanjun et al., 2009). Caulerpa sp. is a green seaweed that grows in shallow waters with tranquil water flow. Caulerpa sp. has chemical and biological spectrum that is quite extensive including antioxidant activity in counteracting free radicals (Sultana et al., 2011). Tual people’s habits, the coast of Java people’s, and Sulawesi people’s eat Caulerpa sp. in the form of “urap” fresh seaweed, while the people of Bali process into “urap” through the boiling process beforehand. This study aimed to determine the content of Caulerpa that can be a component of raw material for making cosmetics.