دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی ارزیابی رفتار و پاسخ سازه ای برج خلیفه: چکیده ای از برنامه های پایش سلامت سازه ای تمام مقیاس به همراه ترجمه فارسی
| عنوان فارسی مقاله | ارزیابی رفتار و پاسخ سازه ای برج خلیفه: چکیده ای از برنامه های پایش سلامت سازه ای تمام مقیاس |
| عنوان انگلیسی مقاله | Validating the Structural Behavior and Response of Burj Khalifa: Synopsis of the Full Scale Structural Health Monitoring Programs |
| رشته های مرتبط | مهندسی عمران، مدیریت ساخت، سازه و زلزله |
| فرمت مقالات رایگان |
مقالات انگلیسی و ترجمه های فارسی رایگان با فرمت PDF آماده دانلود رایگان میباشند همچنین ترجمه مقاله با فرمت ورد نیز قابل خریداری و دانلود میباشد |
| کیفیت ترجمه | کیفیت ترجمه این مقاله متوسط میباشد |
| توضیحات | ترجمه این مقاله به صورت خلاصه انجام شده است. |
| کد محصول | F806 |
|
مقاله انگلیسی رایگان (PDF) |
دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی |
|
ترجمه فارسی رایگان (PDF) |
دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله |
|
خرید ترجمه با فرمت ورد |
خرید ترجمه مقاله با فرمت ورد |
| جستجوی ترجمه مقالات | جستجوی ترجمه مقالات مهندسی عمران |
|
فهرست مقاله: چکیده |
|
بخشی از ترجمه فارسی مقاله: پروژه برج خلیفه، بلند ترین سازه ای است که تاکنون توسط بشر ساخته شده است. بلندی این برج 828 متر بوده و متشکل از 162 طبقه و زیر زمین سه طبقه است. تلفیق اولیه شکل آئرودینامیک و مهندسی باد، نقش مهمی در معماری و طراخی این برج چند منظوره ایفا کرده است که در آن کاهش اثرات دینامیکی باد، یکی از مهم ترین معیار های طراحی در آغاز طراحی پروژه بود. آگاهی از رفتار های سیستم فونداسیون و سازه ای برج، از عوامل اصلی در توسعه و اجرای مطالعه پیشرفته و برنامه های نظارت سلامتی سازه ای بود. از این روی، هدف این مقاله، بحث در مورد اجرای نظر سنجی و برنامه های نظارت سلامت سازه برای تایید پاسخ رفتاری سازه ای برج طی مرحله ساخت و طی عمر مفید آن می باشد. برنامه نظارت شامل 1- نظارت و پایش سیستم فونداسیون و پی برج 2- نظارت و پایش نشست پی، 3- اندازه گیری کرنش های عناصر عمودی برج 4- اندازه گیری کوتاه شدگی دیواره و ستون ناشی از اثرات الاستیک، و خزش5- اندازه گیری جا به جایی جانبی برج تحت بار گرانش( از جمله اثرات غیر متقارن) ناشی از اثرات الاستیک کوتاه مدت و خزش بلند مدت 6- اندازه گیری جا به جایی های جانبی ساختمان و خصوصیات دینامیک در زمان واقعی طی ساخت و ساز 7- اندازه گیری جا به جایی های ساختمان، شتاب ها، خصوصیات دینامیکی، و رفتار سازه ای تحت شرایط دایم 8- پایش رفتار دینامیکی اوج و خصوصیات خستگی. این برنامه اجرایی SHM منجر به افزایش اطلاعات در زمینه پاسخ سازه ای برج شده و امکان کنترل فرایند ساخت، ارزیابی پاسخ سازه ای به شکلی فوری و موثر و همبستگی فوری بین رفتار اندازه گیری شده و پیش بینی شده را داده است. همبستگی پاسخ های اندازه گیری شده ساختمان با رفتار پیش بینی شده برج |
|
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی: The Burj Khalifa Project is the tallest structure ever built by man; the tower is 828 meters tall and comprises of 162 floors above grade and 3 basement levels. Early integration of aerodynamic shaping and wind engineering played a major role in the architectural massing and design of this multi-use tower, where mitigating and taming the dynamic wind effects was one of the most important design criteria established at the onset of the project design. Understanding the structural and foundation system behaviors of the tower are the key fundamental drivers for the development and execution of a state-of-the-art survey and structural health monitoring (SHM) programs. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to discuss the execution of the survey and real-time structural health monitoring programs to confirm the structural behavioral response of the tower during construction stage and during its service life; the monitoring programs included 1) monitoring the tower’s foundation system, 2) monitoring the foundation settlement, 3) measuring the strains of the tower vertical elements, 4) measuring the wall and column vertical shortening due to elastic, shrinkage and creep effects, 5) measuring the lateral displacement of the tower under its own gravity loads (including asymmetrical effects) resulting from immediate elastic and long term creep effects, 6) measuring the building lateral movements and dynamic characteristic in real time during construction, 7) measuring the building displacements, accelerations, dynamic characteristics, and structural behavior in real time under building permanent conditions, 8) and monitoring the Pinnacle dynamic behavior and fatigue characteristics. This extensive SHM program has resulted in extensive insight into the structural response of the tower, allowed control the construction process, allowed for the evaluation of the structural response in effective and immediate manner and it allowed for immediate correlation between the measured and the predicted behavior. The survey and SHM programs developed for Burj Khalifa will with no doubt pioneer the use of new survey techniques and the execution of new SHM program concepts as part of the fundamental design of building structures. Moreover, this survey and SHM programs will be benchmarked as a model for the development of future generation of SHM programs for all critical and essential facilities, however, but with much improved devices and technologies, which are now being considered by the author for another tall and complex building development, that is presently under construction INTRODUCTION The Burj Khalifa Project is the tallest structure ever built by man, Figure 1, that rises 828 meters into Dubai skyline tall and it consists of 162 floors above grade and 3 basement levels. While integrating wind engineering principles and aerodynamic shaping into the architectural design concept was an important consideration in mitigating and taming the dynamic wind effects, managing the gravity load flow to the building extremities was equally significant in overcoming the overturning moment due to extreme lateral loads. Most of the tower overturning resistance is managed mostly by the tower’s own gravity loads. In addition, all the vertical members are proportioned to resist gravity loads on equal stress basis to overcome the differential column shortening issues that are generally difficult to manage in supertall buildings. The structure of Burj Khalifa was designed to behave like a giant column with cross sectional shape that is a reflection of the building massing and profile. The story of structural system selection and the structural system optimization is a novel one and cannot be covered here in details, however, this paper will provide 1) a brief on the key issues that led to the structural system selection and the key issues considered in integrating structural design concepts and construction planning into the architectural design concept, 2) a detailed understanding of the overall structural and foundation system behaviors of the tower that are considered critical to the development of the survey and structural health monitoring (SHM) programs for the tower; 3) and a detailed description of the comprehensive real-time SHM and survey programs developed for Burj Khalifa. The development of the survey and SHM program for Burj Khalifa, at the time of the system installation, is probably one of the most comprehensive survey and real-time SHM programs in the history of supertall buildings that will track the structural behaviors and responses of the tower during construction and during its lifetime and it included: ¾ Monitoring the reinforced concrete bored piles and their load dissipation into the soil. ¾ Survey and monitoring of the tower foundation settlement, corewalls and column vertical shortening, and the lateral displacements of the tower resulting from its asymmetrical geometric shape and structural system asymmetry. ¾ Monitoring of the tower vertical element strains and stresses due to gravity load effects. ¾ Installation of a Temporary Real Time Monitoring Program to monitor the building displacement and dynamic response under lateral loads (wind and seismic) during construction. ¾ Installation of Permanent Real Time Monitoring Program to monitor the building displacement and dynamic response under lateral loads (wind and seismic in particular). The intent of this monitoring program is to confirm the actual dynamic characteristics and response of the building, including its natural mode of vibration, estimate of damping, measuring the building displacement and acceleration, immediate diagnose of the change in building structural behavior, identify potential of fatigue at structural elements that are considered fatigue sensitive and that could be subjected to severe and sustained wind induced vibration at different wind speeds and profiles, and most importantly in providing real-time feedback on the performance of the building structure and immediate assistance in their day-to-day operations, etc. ¾ Providing sufficient data to predict the fatigue behavior of the pinnacle under low/moderate/severe wind and seismic excitations. ¾ Tracking the wind speed profile along the building height in an urban, but semi open field setting considering the scale of the project relative to its surroundings. ¾ Correlating the building measured responses with the predicted behavior of the tower. These extensive survey and SHM programs have, since their inception, resulted already in an extensive feedback and insight into the actual in-situ material properties, the tower’s structural behavior and response under wind and seismic excitations, and continuous change in the building characteristics during construction. In addition and most importantly, the SHM program will provide the building owner ongoing and continuous feedback on the performance of the structure and other buildings systems in real-time to better assist them in their day-to-day operations and facility management. Comparison between the measured responses and the predicted behavior of the tower will also be discussed. |