دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله آسیب شناسی سردرد و میگرن در زنان – jnnp 1971
دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی اپیدمولوژی سردرد و میگرن در زنان به همراه ترجمه فارسی
عنوان فارسی مقاله | اپیدمولوژی سردرد و میگرن در زنان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله | Epidemiology of headache and migraine in women |
رشته های مرتبط | پزشکی، اپیدمیولوژی و مغز و اعصاب |
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نشریه | jnnp |
مجله | مجله علوم اعصاب، جراحی مغز و اعصاب و روانپزشکی – Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry |
سال انتشار | ۱۹۷۱ |
کد محصول | F744 |
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جستجوی ترجمه مقالات | جستجوی ترجمه مقالات پزشکی |
فهرست مقاله: چکیده |
بخشی از ترجمه فارسی مقاله: مقدمه |
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی: Headache is one of the commonest symptoms but little is known about its epidemiology in the general population. The majority of headaches are clinically classified into the two groups-muscle-contraction (‘psychogenic’ or ‘tension’) headaches, and migraine. Migraine is described as an episodic headache which is commonly unilateral, usually preceded by premonitory symptoms such as neurological or mood disturbances, and frequently accompanied by nausea and sometimes vomiting. The results of surveys indicate that three features characteristic of migraine (unilateral distribution of headache, warning before headache, accompanying nausea) are surprisingly frequent in the general population (Waters, 1970). The use of a standard questionnaire in the surveys leads to considerable difficulties in differentiating clearly between migraine and other headaches. This difficulty is at least in part due to the problem of defining migraine precisely. Most definitions are really descriptions of the features of a typical attack -for example, Gowers, 1886-88; Ad Hoc Committee on Classification of Headache, 1962; World Federation of Neurology’s Research Group on Migraine and Headache, 1969). The prevalence of migraine will, of course, depend on the diagnostic criteria. Although vascular changes have been described during migraine attacks (Wolff, 1963) and even between attacks in some migraine sufferers (Appenzeller, Davison, and Marshall, 1963), migraine is a disorder of function and it has no known morbid anatomy (Walshe, 1969). Migraine is therefore essen- tially a clinical diagnosis and to examine its epidemiology it is theoretically desirable, but practically difficult, for a neurologist to examine a large random sample of the general population. As a compromise, some initial screening procedure can be carried out in the general population and smaller subgroups examined clinically. This paper describes such an investigation where a community survey was done using a standard questionnaire and random samples of subgroups were examined in more detail. METHODS INITIAL SCREENING During a community survey in the Rhondda Fach (Glamorgan), women between the ages of 20 and 64 years living in a defined area were asked standard questions about headaches during the previous year and whether or not they were one-sided, preceded by a warning, or accompanied by nausea. Severity was assessed by asking each subject with headaches to choose one of seven statements, presented on a printed card, which most accurately described her severe headaches. The statements represented a scale of increasing severity ranging from ‘My headaches are very mild’ (grade 1) to ‘My headaches are almost unbearable’ (grade 7). Random samples of women, from various subgroups identified by the questionnaire, were later visited in their homes and a more detailed headache questionnaire completed by one observer who was familiar with the questionnaire. This questionnaire elicited a variety of details about headaches including those of relevance to migraine and also contained nine questions derived from the Cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire which had been used previously in community studies of psychoneurosis (Rawnsley, 1966). |