دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی نانوالیاف های پلی آمید با الکتروریسی “سبز” از طریق محلول آبی برای کاربردهای فیلتراسیون به همراه ترجمه فارسی
عنوان فارسی مقاله | نانوالیاف های پلی آمید با الکتروریسی “سبز” از طریق محلول آبی برای کاربردهای فیلتراسیون |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله | Polyimide nanofibers by “Green” electrospinning via aqueous solution for filtration applications |
رشته های مرتبط | شیمی، شیمی تجزیه، شیمی پلیمر و شیمی کاربردی |
کلمات کلیدی | پلی آمید، الکتروریسی، فیلتراسیون، نانوالیاف، محلول در آب |
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کیفیت ترجمه | کیفیت ترجمه این مقاله متوسط میباشد |
نشریه | ACS |
مجله | شیمی و مهندسی پایدار – Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering |
سال انتشار | 2016 |
کد محصول | F704 |
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فهرست مقاله: چکیده |
بخشی از ترجمه فارسی مقاله: مقدمه : |
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی: INTRODUCTION Polyimides (PIs) are high performance polymers with excellent mechanical properties, thermal stabilities, and chemical resistance due to their rigid-rod chemical structures, which make them suitable for electronic applications, membrane, insulating materials, and aerospace industry.1-4 Recently, PI nanofibers made by electrospinning have attracted a lot of attention for filtration, fiber reinforced composites, proton exchange membrane, and as separator for lithium-ion batteries.5-9 Electrospinning provides continuously long nanofibers with diameter ranging from tens of nanometers to a few micrometers and electrospun fibers have been broadly applied in many fileds, including energy harvesting, environmental protection, composite materials, biomaterials, and so on.10-13 PI electrospun nanofibers show very high tensile strength of up to 1.7 GPa, E modulus of 76 GPa,14-15 and very good thermal and chemical resistance.16-17 They are obtained by imidization of polyamic acid (PAA) precursor nanofibers at high temperature, which in turn are made by electrospinning from dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethylacetamide (DMAc). In general, the electrospinnable concentration of polymers for getting homogenous nanofibers is less than 30 wt%. This implies use of large amounts of organic solvents which might be toxic, flammable, and not environmentally friendly. Therefore, our broad aim is to replace organic solvent based electrospinning of water insoluble polymers with water based formulations. Water based electrospinning is a must for many applications such as applications in the biomedical field, agricultural applications, and wound healing and it is highly desirable for others in which the use of large amounts of toxic and flammable solvents should be avoided.18-25 In the past, we have shown use of primary and secondary dispersions/suspensions of polyesters (hydrophobic) and amphiphilic polymers as green ways of making corresponding nanofibers.19-24 They are generated either in situ by emulsion/suspension polymerization (primary dispersion) or by dispersing a ready-made water insoluble polymer in water. The method is applicable to many different polymers but cannot be utilized for PIs. PIs can be processed from water by making intermediate PAA precursor water soluble. There are different ways of making water soluble PAA i.e. using special starting monomers with ionic moieties or by reaction with an amine converting PAA to its carboxylate salt (PAA-salt).26-28 Amines only with short alkyl chains such as N, N-dimethylethanol amine, triethylamine (Et3N), provide water solubility to PAA whereas long alkyl chains make PAA hydrophobic and insoluble in water.27-28 Membranes made from water soluble PAA-salt precursor show gas permeation characteristics similar to those of the corresponding membranes from organic solvents.29 PAA-salt precursors were used for making composite fibrous membranes with SiO2 or Al2O3 in dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as the use of PAA-salt precursor offers other advantages such as better hydrolytic stability and low thermal imidization temperature.30 In this work we provide “green” PI nanofibers using water as solvent. PAA precursor was spun from water in its salt form. It was solubilized in water by making ammonium salt of PAA followed by the usual imidization step. Ammonia was used for the preparation of the PAA-salt. The amine for salt formation was chosen in a way that it can be removed easily during the imidization process at high temperature. The electrospinning of polymeric salts is a challenge. We systematically investigated the electrospinning process of PAA-salt, the properties of the corresponding PI mats, and the application for room temperature and hot filtration. The present work will also be a significant step forward in the technical production of PI nanofibers under environmentally friendly conditions without use of toxic organic solvents. |