دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله روش آزمون استاندارد برای ضخامت همزمانی و تعیین توان الکترود لایه های فردی – ASTM 2014
دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی روش آزمایش استاندارد برای تعیین هم زمان پتانسیل الکترود و ضخامت لایه های فردی در رسوبات چند لایه ای نیکل (تست step) به همراه ترجمه فارسی
عنوان فارسی مقاله | روش آزمایش استاندارد برای تعیین هم زمان پتانسیل الکترود و ضخامت لایه های فردی در رسوبات چند لایه ای نیکل (تست step) |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله | Standard Test Method for Simultaneous Thickness and Electrode Potential Determination of Individual Layers in Multilayer Nickel Deposit (STEP Test) |
رشته های مرتبط | شیمی و مهندسی مواد، شیمی معدنی، شیمی کاربردی و متالورژی |
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کیفیت ترجمه | کیفیت ترجمه این مقاله متوسط میباشد |
مجله | ASTM |
سال انتشار | 2014 |
کد محصول | F580 |
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فهرست مقاله: 1- محدوده و هدف 2- اسناد مرجع 3- خلاصه ای از روش آزمایش 4- اهمیت و استفاده 5- دستگاه 5-1ترکیب الکترولیت 6- روش 7- عوامل موثر بر صحت روش 8- تفسیر نتایج 9- دقت و اریبی 10- کلمات کلیدی |
بخشی از ترجمه فارسی مقاله: 2- اسناد مرجع 3- خلاصه ای از روش آزمایش |
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی: 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: B456 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Copper Plus Nickel Plus Chromium and Nickel Plus Chromium B504 Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Metallic Coatings by the Coulometric Method D1193 Specification for Reagent Water 3. Summary of Test Method 3.1 This procedure is a modification of the well-known coulometric method of thickness testing (Test Method B504). It is also known as the anodic dissolution or electrochemical stripping method. 3.2 Coulometric thickness testing instruments are based on the anodic dissolution (stripping) of the deposit at constant current, while the time is measured to determine thickness. As commonly practiced, the method employs a small cell that is filled with an appropriate electrolyte, and the test specimen serves as the bottom of the cell. To the bottom of the cell is attached a rubber or plastic gasket whose opening defines the measuring (stripping, anodic) area. If a metallic cell is used, the rubber gasket also electrically insulates the test specimen from the cell. With the specimen as the anode and the cell or agitator tube as the cathode, a constant direct current is passed through the cell until the nickel layer is dissolved. A sudden change in voltage between the electrodes occurs when a different metallic layer starts to dissolve. 3.3 Each different metal or species of the same metal requires a given voltage to keep the current constant while being stripped. As one nickel layer is dissolved away and the next layer becomes exposed, there will be a voltage change (assuming a constant current and difference in the electrochemical characteristics of the two nickel layers). The elapsed time at which this voltage change occurs (relative to the start of the test or previous voltage change) is a measure of the deposit thickness. 3.4 At the same time, the amplitude of the voltage change can be observed. That is, the ease (or difficulty) with which one layer can be dissolved or stripped with reference to another layer can be compared. The lower the voltage needed the more active the metal or the greater the tendency to corrode preferentially to a more noble metal adjacent to it. 3.5 Where the metallic layers are of such a similar nature that change of the stripping voltage is small, there can be problems in detecting this change if the voltage between the deplating cell (cathode) and the sample (anode) is measured. As the sample is dissolved anodically, cathodic processes are occurring on the deplating cell (cathode) surface that can also give rise to voltage changes, due to alterations of the cathode surface, thus obscuring the anode voltage change. This difficulty can be avoided by measuring the potential of the dissolving anodic sample with respect to an unpolarized third electrode (reference) placed in the cell. By recording this potential any difference in electrochemical activity between layers is more readily detected. The equipment may be calibrated against standards with known STEP values. 3.6 The thickness of any specific nickel layer may be calculated from the quantity of electricity used (current multiplied by time), area dissolved, electrochemical equivalent of nickel, anode efficiency, and density of the nickel layer. 3.7 Commercial instruments using this principle are available. They are usually a combination coulometric and STEP instrument. Reference standards are available to calibrate the instrument. The STEP Test, as is the Coulometric Test, is rapid and destructive to the coating. |