دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله بکارگیری اخلاق مراقبت برای عملکرد پرستاری شما – NCBI 2012
دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی بکارگیری اخلاق مراقبت در عملکرد پرستاری به همراه ترجمه فارسی
عنوان فارسی مقاله: | بکارگیری اخلاق مراقبت در عملکرد پرستاری |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله: | Applying the Ethics of Care to Your Nursing Practice |
رشته های مرتبط: | پزشکی، پرستاری |
فرمت مقالات رایگان | مقالات انگلیسی و ترجمه های فارسی رایگان با فرمت PDF میباشند |
کیفیت ترجمه | کیفیت ترجمه این مقاله متوسط میباشد |
نشریه | Ncbi |
کد محصول | f438 |
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جستجوی ترجمه مقالات | جستجوی ترجمه مقالات پزشکی |
بخشی از ترجمه فارسی مقاله: نظریه اخلاق مراقبت |
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی: Theory of the Ethics of Care Edwards (2009) described the evolution of the theory of ethics of care over the last 15 years in three versions. First, Gilligan (1982) began the discussion with a focus on the context of the situation versus impartial deliberation of the ethical issue. Impartial reflection is an element of justice-based moral deliberation and does not take into consideration the level of caring or closeness in the relationship. Gilligan was the first to move moral theorizing from a position where selves were seen as independent to a position where selves are interconnected and interdependent. Strangers would not receive the same level of caring as those for whom we experience a personal responsibility. For example, you might agree to care for your neighbor’s cat while she is away, but that is different from agreeing to care for your sister in your home while she is in hospice care. Caring lies on a continuum, with different levels of emotional involvement for individuals in a caring relationship. Second, Tronto’s (1993) major contributions have been in the arena of political philosophy. She argued “that if we focus on caring relationships and the relationships between power and caring practices, such as bringing up children and caring for the sick, a radically different set of social arrangements will ensue” (Edwards, 2009, p. 233). Similar to Gilligan (1982), Tronto (1993) differentiated between obligation-based ethics and responsibility-based ethics. Obligation-based ethics are from the theories of utilitarianism, deontology, or principalism (Beauchamp & Childress, 2009), in which the decision maker determines what obligations he or she has and responds consequently (“What obligation, if any, do I have for this person?”). By contrast, in responsibilitybased ethics, the relationship with others is the starting point. According to Tronto (1993), the ethic of care involves developing “a habit of care” (p. 127). The nurse would ask himself or herself how to best meet the caring responsibility. Third, Gastmans (2006) and Little (1998) sought to answer the question, “What is the best way to care for this patient at this time?” Both did not consider the ethics of care as a theory, but as a moral orientation from which action emanates. Such critics of the ethics of care see care as a necessary perspective for moral sensitivity and moral responses, but they believe other tools are necessary for moral problem solving. Some of these tools can be found in Beauchamp and Childress (2009) or in Tronto’s (1993) four elements that will be discussed later. Some individuals suffer from a moral blindness and are not moved by the suffering of others to take action. For some, moral vision exists but it is not as developed. However, a care orientation is fundamental to the nursepatient relationship and the nursing profession itself (Edwards, 2009; Gastmans, 2006). According to the Code of Ethics for Nurses, “The measures nurses take to care for the patient enables the patient to live with as much physical, emotional, social, and spiritual well-being as possible” (American Nurses Association [ANA] 2001, p. 7). A Case for Caring Mr. Jones, age 59, is admitted to the hospital for acute abdominal pain with vomiting of coffee-ground material. He has a long history of alcoholism and unmanaged diabetes, and has a left below-the-knee amputation. Four months ago, his wife died after 40 years of marriage. Mr. Jones states this was the reason he stopped taking care of himself and began drinking heavily again. According to the nurse providing end-of-shift report, he asks for pain medications more frequently than other patients with this condition. Because you have provided care for Mr. Jones on several other occasions, you know he often requires a higher level of analgesia and you are responsive to his suffering by contacting the physician for a change in the order. The physician is hesitant to increase the dose of morphine and, in order to avoid causing harm to the patient, the nurse advocates for Mr. Jones by engaging in conflict resolution with the physician. The result was an increase in the morphine dose. |