دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله تصمیم گیری برای مدیریت هندلینگ زمینی – Hal 2015
دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی تصمیم گیری یکپارچه برای مدیریت هدایت زمینی هواپیما به همراه ترجمه فارسی
عنوان فارسی مقاله: | تصمیم گیری یکپارچه برای مدیریت هدایت زمینی هواپیما |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله: | Integrated Decision Making for Ground Handling Management |
رشته های مرتبط: | علوم و فنون هوایی، مراقبت پرواز، مهندسی فرماندهی و کنترل هوایی |
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نشریه | Hal |
کد محصول | F364 |
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بخشی از ترجمه فارسی مقاله: مقدمه |
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی: I. Introduction The sustained global economic growth of the last decades has been possible with the development of improved means of communication and of transportation of people and goods. It has been particularly the case with air transportation where, during the last forty years, the number of passengers has been multiplied by seven. This increase of passenger volume has generated a permanent challenge for civil aviation authorities, airlines and airports to supply sufficient capacity to provide a safe transportation service with acceptable quality standards (Santos et al., 2010). In the last decade, new traffic management practices, such as Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM) (Eurocontrol, 2011), based on multi-agent and collaborative decision making concepts have been introduced at airports. Among the many activities which contribute to the safety and efficiency of air transportation, airport ground handling plays an important role even if it has remained in the shadow of other traffic activities in the Operations Research literature. While among the overall airport operations costs, ground handling costs represent a rather small portion, their dysfunction can generate huge extra costs for airlines and airports as well as high discomfort for passengers (Pestana, 2008). In this study a hierarchical structure for the management of airport ground handling activities is considered. The global objective is to turn available the ground handling resources so that arriving and departing flight are serviced with as little delay as possible. Two operational situations are considered: a normal one where small delays are coped with when arriving and departing traffic is globally on schedule, and a disrupted situation where arriving or departing traffic suffer very large delays. In the first situation a ground handling coordinator produces an estimate of the necessary resources from each ground handling service provider while these service providers assign the available resources to the scheduled ground handling activities. At both levels, the formulation of corresponding optimization problems leads to NPcomplete problems while a new solution should be at hand whenever new operations conditions appear. So, heuristic approaches have been developed to generate working solutions to this overall problem. While in the case of normal operations these heuristics consider the flights according to their nominal schedule, in the disrupted operations, flights are treated in accordance with an estimated degree of criticity computed by the ground handling coordinator. The proposed approach is illustrated with traffic data from a large European airport. II. Hierarchical Structure for the Management of Ground Handling at Airports When considering ground handling organization in different airports, it appears that this organization depends strongly on the size and the physical organization of the airside as well as on the volume and composition of traffic. Then, a large diversity of actual ground handling organizations is found in major and medium size airports. Then it does not appear desirable to propose a general paradigm to organize airport ground handling since the resulting efficiency can be quite unequal from an airport to the next. However, when some key characteristics are met, delimiting a specific class of ground handling situations, common organizing principles can be of interest. Here some assumptions with respect to airport ground handling characteristics, which are frequently encountered in medium to large airports, are adopted. They are the following: Here is considered the case of airports in which ground handling is performed by a set of specialized operators working in parallel under the management of the airport authorities. The ground handling process is supposed to follow pre-established sequencings and to be performed at the parking stands. It is supposed that the parking stands are assigned to arriving flights by the airport and communicated through ATC, while the status of the parking stands is monitored by ATC which is in charge of driving the aircraft out of the parking position. It is also supposed that the arriving parking position is its departure parking position for the next flight. This last assumption introduces constraints on the ground handling activities. From the considerations developed in the previous paragraph, it appears interesting to consider that the airport ground handling operators do not interact directly within the A-CDM framework (Eurocontrol,2011) , but through a ground handling coordinator. The introduction of the GHC led to a hierarchical structure for the ground handling management as it showed in Fig.1. |