دانلود ترجمه مقاله راهنمایی مینرالیزاسیون سولفید فلزی توسط مواد معدنی شاخص – نشریه اسپرینگر

• فهرست مطالب:

 چکیده
۱ مقدمه
۲ زمین شناسی بتول بلت
۲ ۱ تناوب هیدروترمال
۲ ۲ کانی سازی سولفیدی
۳ کانی های شاخص
۳ ۱ اسپینل روی
۳ ۲ استرولیت روی
۳ ۳ بیوتیت حاوی روی
۳ ۴ المنیت روی
۴ بحث
۵ نتیجه گیری

• بخشی از ترجمه:

کانی سازی روی- سرب و مس در  منطقه کمر بند بتول دارای منشا آتشفشانی است که در آن  توده های کانسنگ یا به صورت ورقه ای بر روی کف دریا ئ یا به صورت جایگزینی های   زیر سطح دریا  و یا شامل هر دو فرایند  قرار  دارند.  مناطق کانسنگ  مربوط به سنک های آتش فشانی فلسیک دگرگونی می باشد که دارای ورقه های مشابه سنگ شناسی است. کانی  های  دارای روی که به عنوان کانی های شاخص برای  کانی سازی سولفید فلزی پایه از کمر بند بتول پروتروزوییک  در هند مرکزی عمل می کنند،  اهمیت ژنتیکی بالایی دارند.  کانی سولفید در بسیاری از سنگ های آتشفشانی فلسیک بوده و دارای تشابهاتی با  نهشته های سولفیدی ماسیو آتشفشانی در دیگر بخش های جهان می باشند. تغییر هیدروترمال سین ولکانیک امروزه با  هسته منیزیم- کلسیم داخلی  زون بندی شده و  بخش بیرونی با   مجموعه کانی های غنی  آلومینیوم و آهن همپوشانی دارند. بیشتر  آن ها دارای کران ها و یا محدوده های چینه شناسی می باشند که  اعماق آن ها متغیر بوده و ورقه های نیمه موازی نظیر  توده های کانسنگ تشکیل شده از کانسنگ های ماسیو و نیمه ماسیو دارند وجود این کانی ها در رخنمون های سنگی مکمل داده های ژئوفیزیکی و ژئوشیمیایی  طی مرحله اکتشاف بوده و به شناسایی مناطق هدف برای حفاری کمک می کنند زیرا این کانی ها به عنوان حامل های مستقیم برای کانسار عمل می کنند.

• بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:

Introduction Indicator minerals are mineral species that, being mechanically and chemically resistant to weathering when found in clastic sediments, indicate the presence of a specific type of mineralization in bedrock (McClenaghan 2005). Their physical and chemical characteristics, including a relatively high density, facilitate their preservation and identification and allow them to be readily recovered from sample media such as till, stream sediments or soil, saprolite float and even in gossan. Indicator minerals have become an important exploration method in the past 20 years and now include suites for detecting a variety of ore deposit types including diamond, gold, Ni–Cu, PGE, porphyry Cu, massive sulphide and tungsten deposits. Investigation for base metal sulphide mineralisation, particularly for zinc has been carried out by Geological Survey of India in different prospects of the Betul Belt such as Bhawra-Tekra, BargaonTarora, Kehalpur, Chopna-Munrai, BanskhapaPipariya, Ghisi, Muariya, Koparpani, Dehalwara and Bhuyari. Presence of gahnite (ZnAl2O4) or zincian spinel in the bedrock, soil or stream sediments is considered to be an important indicator for the proximity to zinc mineralization and has been successfully used in the past to locate new areas with sulphide mineralization. Zincian spinel is reported from metamorphosed hydrothermally altered felsic volcanic rock from Muariya, Banskhapa, Koparpani and Bhuyari prospects (Mahakud et al 2001; Ghosh et al 2006; Praveen and Ghosh 2007). Recently, Ghosh and Praveen (2007) added new data from Koparpani base metal prospect of this belt. With the use of in situ microbeam techniques other minerals like zincian staurolite, Znbearing biotite and zincian ilmenite can be used as indicator minerals to locate zinc mineralization. Although minerals like staurolite, biotite and ilmenite are widespread in the alteration zones of Betul Belt, Zn-bearing staurolite, biotite and ilmenite typically occur within the alteration zones in close proximity to the sulphide-rich zones as documented by Praveen and Ghosh (2007) and Ghosh and Praveen (2007). The identification of Zn-rich minerals has major significance in exploration in Betul Belt as they occur in close spatial relationship with the sulphide rich zones and therefore act as direct vectors to ore. The present contribution was prompted by the invariable presence of one or all of these minerals within or adjacent to the sulphide rich zones in all the prospects of Betul Belt and it discusses their importance with special emphasis on their genetic significance. 2. Geology of Betul Belt The Proterozoic Betul Belt forms a conspicuous lithotectonic unit of the Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) between Mahakoshal Belt in the north and Sausar Belt in the south. Quartzite, meta-pelite, bimodal volcanic rocks (basaltrhyolite), meta-exhalites, calc silicate rocks and banded iron formation constitute the supracrustal rocks of this belt. The belt is traversed by several ENE-WSW trending ductile shear zones having sub-vertical to steep dips, which were developed during deformation (Roy and Prasad 2001, 2003). The Betul Belt represents a unique litho-package in the CITZ comprising a prominent bimodal volcanic sequence in which felsic volcanic rocks are dominant (figure 1). Sulphide mineralisation is hosted by the felsic volcanic rocks and has similarities with volcanic-hosted massive sulphide deposits (VHMS) in other parts of the world. Bimodal volcanics in the region consist of both meta-basalt and meta-rhyolite. Mafic volcanics occur as elongate lenses and often show inter- fingering relationship with the felsic volcanics. They consist of pillowed and non-pillowed metabasalts with associated mafic volcaniclastics and cherts. Felsic volcanics are represented by rhyolites, rhyolitic volcaniclastics and cherts. In mineralised areas, syngenetic hydrothermal alteration and subsequent metamorphism has obliterated primary volcanic textures in most of the rocks, however Indicator minerals for sulphide mineralisation in Betul Belt 523 relatively unaltered rocks display relict textural features based on which different volcanic facies could be recognised. The most abundant felsic volcanic facies are massive rhyolite and felsic volcaniclastics. Minor bands of laminated tuffs and chert also occur within the felsic volcanics. Massive rhyolite is generally quartz-porphyritic with rounded quartz phenocrysts in a recrystallised quartzo-feldspathic groundmass. Rhyolites at places show flow banding defined by alternate mm-cm scale pale siliceous bands and darker phyllosilicate rich bands. Volcaniclastics generally contain angular to rounded clasts in a finer grained recrystallised quartzo-feldspathic groundmass. Clasts are composed of rhyolite fragments or quartz and range in size from lapilli to bombs. Felsic volcaniclastics appear to be the favourable host rock for mineralization in most prospects. Volcaniclastic facies comprising of coarse (lapilli to bomb sized) rhyolite fragments form host rock for mineralization at Muariya prospect. Similar coarse felsic volcaniclastics form the host rocks in Bhanskapa-Pipariya and Bhanwara-Tekra prospects.