دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله تفاوت های جنسیتی و نقش آن در قصد پذیرش بانکداری موبایلی اسلامی (نشریه امرالد ۲۰۱۸)

آیا تفاوت های جنسیتی نقشی در قصد پذیرش بانکداری موبایلی اسلامی ایفا می کنند؟ یک مطالعه تجربی

Does gender differences play any role in intention to adopt Islamic mobile banking? An empirical study

Abstract

Purpose Tremendous growth and worldwide expansion of Islamic banking industry has gained widespread attention of economist, bankers, investors and financial experts regardless of economic and political volatility in global banking industry. To compete with conventional banking, Islamic banks are setting up themselves with innovative technologies to gain competitive edge and market share. The establishment of mobile banking has been proven a technological wonder by eliminating time and space boundaries, and one can access financial services anywhere and at any time. For effective market segmentation, recognizing gender differences in factors affecting the adoption patterns of m-banking may provide competitive edge. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate how gender differences impact the intention to adopt Islamic mobile banking in Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach The study uses extended technology acceptance model (TAM) on final 243 participants from Pakistan. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) methodology has been applied for data analysis using SPSS 21 and AMOS 21.

Findings Results have identified two interesting and different models for males and females in intention to adopt Islamic mobile banking. It is inferred that males are more task driven and desire for personality, value and status, so their intention is significantly impacted by perceived usefulness and perceived self-expressiveness. Whereas, females have found lack of IT knowledge and trust; therefore, their intention is significantly impacted by perceived credibility. However, the perceived financial cost was found of no concern for both males and females and social norms influenced the adoption, but there existed no significant gender differences.

Originality/value The contribution of this study to existing literature is twofold. First, the existing research on mobile banking has mainly applied TAM on conventional banking overlooking the important ethnic group, the Muslims, who prefer Islamic banking. Second, the impact of gender differences is investigated in factors affecting intention to adopt Islamic mobile banking that has not been studied previously. The study fills the gap.

۱ Introduction

Regardless of economic and political volatility in global banking industry, the Islamic banking is a rapid growing industry. The concept of Islamic banking has gained widespread attention of economist, bankers, financial experts and investors from global traditional banking industry. The history of establishment of present Islamic banks can be traced back from 1940s (Khan and Bhatti, 2008) and since then it has become huge trillion dollar industry. According to Islamic Financial Services Board (2015), there are more than 400 Islamic banks and approximately 191conventional banks with Islamic banking window operating in more than 75 countries. Tremendous growth and worldwide expansion of Islamic banking industry in the global financial markets are the main reasons behind it. The recent world Islamic competiveness report stated 16% of compound annual growth rate in global Islamic finance industry from 2010 to 2014 (Ernst & Young, 2016). It has become huge industry with assets reported in 2014 were estimated to USD I.87 trillion. The operations of Islamic banking are built on unique value based system that protect both moral and material wellbeing of the individuals and the society. Islamic banking follows Shariah compliance derived from the Holy Quran which prohibits the Islamic banks to invest in toxic assets. Due to this limit, Islamic banks were not severely influenced by the financial crisis (Hassan and Dridi, 2010). This caught attention of several customers, investors and other stake holder adding further encouragement to the acceptance of Islamic banking. With the intention to compete with the conventional banking, Islamic banks are setting up themselves with innovative technologies to gain competitive edge and market share (Goh and Sun, 2014; Sun et al., 2012; Sadeghi and Hanzaee, 2010). One of the most recent invention is mobile banking (m-banking) which is the usage of mobile phone to conduct financial transaction (Yu, 2012). With the distribution of wireless access protocol (WAP), establishment of 3G and 4G technologies people’s life style has switched as round the clock connectedness turn out to be inevitable (Ha et al., 2012). This life style change has made commercial prospects for the banks to present high value m-banking services (Goh and Sun, 2014) while eliminating the conventional banking limitation of time and place (Lin, 2013). These current alterations in customer’s lifestyle suggests the need to reinvestigate, in new context, the individual perceptions about Islamic mobile banking. Further adding to, many of the technology adoption barriers like cost, access and service quality has been greatly reduced so Islamic banks must develop a deep insight of all the factors affecting the adoption m-banking as the new context may alter already theorized relationship insignificant and perhaps may establish new relationship (Johns, 2006). Prior studies have incorporated the presence of gender effect with the adoption of new technology such as information communication technology (Selwyn, 2007). Sohn and Lee (2007), in the framework to adopt mobile services, stated that females due to their willingness and self-presentation are more convinced to adopt text messages than males. In the context of mbanking adoption, Riquelme and Rios (2010) found that social norms and ease of use have higher impact on female than males. The significance of the role of gender in adoption of m-banking services is evident from the work of several authors (e.g. Diwan, 2010; Riquelme and Rios, 2010). In both of these studies, authors have highlighted the importance of m-banking and further called to explore the role of gender in intention to adopt m-banking. Due to this highlighted significance of the said phenomenon, further investigation in this area needs considerable attention. Therefore, the present study is aimed to explore the role of gender differences in intention to adopt m-banking services focusing Islamic banking services and to provide managerial implications for designing effective marketing strategies and understanding the important role of gender in providing customer’s satisfaction. The contribution of this study to existing literature is twofold. First, the existing research on mobile banking has mainly applied technology acceptance model on conventional banking overlooking the important ethnic group, the Muslims, who prefer Islamic banking. Second, to investigate the impact of gender differences in factors affecting intention to adopt Islamic mobile banking that has not been studied previously. The study fills the gap.