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Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive review of published literature on soil piping phenomena. The first tools to design earth dams to resist piping were developed during 1910–۱۹۳۵٫ Filter criteria for dispersive soils was refined in the 1970’s. Piping phenomena are generally defined as: (1) heave, (2) internal erosion, (3) backwards erosion, although other modes are possible. Recent work on piping highlights the limitations of the occurrence of piping and the role that design and construction may play in a large percentage of piping failures. Standardized laboratory procedures are available to assess piping potential in cohesive materials, but no such methods exist for noncohesive soils. However, methods are available for evaluation of self-filtration potential. Recent advances in computer technology have facilitated the evaluation of seepage and deformation in embankments but computational methods for evaluation of piping potential are currently limited.Keywords Earth dams
Piping
Internal erosion
Heave
SuffosionRe ´sume ´ L’article pre ´sente une analyse ge ´ne ´rale de re ´sultats publie ´s sur les phe ´nome `nes de suffosion des sols. Les premiers outils visant a ` dimensionner les barrages en terre contre la suffosion ont e ´te ´ de ´veloppe ´s durant la pe ´riode 1910–۱۹۳۵٫ Les crite `res de filtres destine ´sa ` e ´viterces phe ´nome `nes ont e ´te ´ ame ´liore ´s dans les anne ´es 1970. Les phe ´nome `nes de suffosion sont ge ´ne ´ralement associe ´sa ` (1) du gonflement, (2) de l‘e ´rosion interne, (3) de l‘e ´rosion re ´gressive, mais d’autres processus sont possibles. Des travaux re ´cents sur la suffosion mettent en lumie `re les techniques permettant de limiter les risques d’apparition de ce phe ´nome `ne. Ils montrent aussi le ro ˆle des principes de conception et des techniques de construction sur beaucoup de situations de rupture initie ´es par des phe ´nome `nes de suffosion. Des essais de laboratoire standardise ´s existent pour e ´valuer la susceptibilite ´ a ` la suffosion de sols cohe ´rents, ce qui n’est pas le cas p

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