دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی سیستم های اطلاعات حسابداری: تحول به سوی یک حسابداری مبتنی بر فرایند کسب و کار به همراه ترجمه فارسی
عنوان فارسی مقاله: | سیستم های اطلاعات حسابداری: تحول به سوی یک حسابداری مبتنی بر فرایند کسب و کار |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله: | Accounting Information Systems: evolving towards a business process oriented accounting |
رشته های مرتبط: | حسابداری و مدیریت، مدیریت منابع اطلاعاتی، مدیریت کسب و کار، مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات و حسابداری مالی |
فرمت مقالات رایگان | مقالات انگلیسی و ترجمه های فارسی رایگان با فرمت PDF میباشند |
کیفیت ترجمه | کیفیت ترجمه این مقاله متوسط میباشد |
توضیحات | ترجمه این مقاله در سطح متوسط انجام شده است. |
نشریه | الزویر – Elsevier |
کد محصول | f444 |
مقاله انگلیسی رایگان (PDF) |
دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی |
ترجمه فارسی رایگان (PDF) |
دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله |
خرید ترجمه با فرمت ورد |
خرید ترجمه مقاله با فرمت ورد |
جستجوی ترجمه مقالات | جستجوی ترجمه مقالات مدیریت |
بخشی از ترجمه فارسی مقاله: 1. پیشگفتار |
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی: 1. Introduction Organizations have always worked oriented to processes in the sense that they perform a sequence of activities that consume resources for the production of goods and/or provision of services in order to create value for the customer and for the organization, but only recently with the popularization of Business Process Management (BPM) organizations began explicitly to systematize and formalize its processes. This new way of thinking and managing the organization impacts the accounting and information systems that support it in two perspectives. The first relates to the fact that traditional Accounting Information Systems (AIS) were designed for the collection and reporting of important financial and non-financial information to the organization, but have been process unaware, not being able to produce fuller information, not only considering traditional accounting perspectives, but also covering the cost / economic value behind the main processes of the organization. This clearly represents an opportunity to rethink the traditional AIS so it encompasses this new perspective. The second perspective has to do with the potentialities of Business Process Management Suite (BPMS) regarding financial and non-financial information gathering in the organization. This type of system allows, for example, the organization to implement control points in processes to collect and send to decision makers, through alerts or messages, financial and non-financial information, in real time, which allows decision makers to act in the moment and not at posteriori, something that happens with traditional AIS. The BPM methodology and the great recent development of technologies that support this methodology as a BPMS allow a new approach, which is the business process oriented accounting, and potentiate a more efficient gathering of financial and non-financial information, which present work aims to present and explore. The work presented here is conceptual in nature and aims to pave the way for the creation of AIS oriented to the organization’s business processes, based on existing literature. This paper is organized as follows: the second section presents the emergent reality of BPM technologies in organizations, namely a BPMS; the third section presents the traditional AIS and its limitations regarding the new reality of BPM; the fourth section embraces the relation between accounting and BPM and the concept of business processes oriented accounting; and fifth section presents the benefits of using this new approach. Conclusions and future work are presented in the final section. 2. Emergent reality of BPMS adoption in organizations Processes are a common factor along all organizations. Processes are ‘the way things get done’ [1]. Some authors stress the importance of processes calling them ‘strategic assets’. For example, Kaplan and Norton refer a “Strategy Map”, with intangible assets which influence company’s performance by enhancing the internal processes most critical in creating value for customers and shareholders [2]. A business process is a complete, dynamically coordinated set of activities or logically related tasks that must be performed to deliver value to customers or to fulfil other strategic goals. Processes can be classified by their value in the chain target: core processes (primary activities of the chain value), are central to basic business operations and directly related to serving the external customers; support processes (secondary activities of the chain target) frequently have internal customers and consist of the supporting activities of core processes; business network processes extend beyond the boundaries of the organization including also suppliers, customers and allies; and management processes are those by which the company plans, organizes and controls resources [3]. Although BPM definitions focused more on Information Technology (IT), such as the definition proposed by Van Der Aalst [4] – “supporting business processes using methods, techniques, and software to design, enact, control, and analyze operational processes involving humans, organizations, applications, documents and other sources of information” – we prefer to focus on the definition of BPM as a management discipline proposed by Paul Harmon [5] – “aligning processes with the organization’s strategy goals, designing and implementing process architectures, establishing process measurement systems that align with organizational goals, and educating and organizing managers so that they will manage processes effectively”. Nonetheless, in our believe, the secret for BPM recent success has to do with the fact of BPM being so strongly IT based. BPM is a holistic management discipline that uses technology to control and operate the entire business through rules that clearly defines business processes. BPM is about continuous improvement and optimizing processes to ensure high performance and by that achieving agility and flexibility as a tool to gain competitive advantages [6]. A key benefit of BPM is the ability to adjust business processes accordingly to changing market requirements, since business process are dynamic [7], allowing businesses to respond more quickly and cost-effectively to changing market condition [8]. BPMS, along with Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and web services, is the technology that enables the fully use of BPM potential, supporting the entire process lifecycle, from modeling through execution to monitoring within the organization [6, 9]. The ability of a BPMS to handle several processes at the same time, to simulate changes in processes and measure their impact as well as establishing rules so that processes automatically adapt to changes in the market makes use of a BPMS a truly advantage compared to other existent enterprise information systems [6]. BPMS contains more BPM-enabling technologies, such as [9]: orchestration engines, business intelligence and analysis tools, rules engines, process repositories for reuse, simulation and optimization tools and integration tools. Recent BPMS also focus on connecting people across applications allowing people to share knowledge and extending their access to the information needed to do a job. Messaging and collaboration are key aspects of BPM to make processes more efficient. When people can work things out as a problem occurs, then the delays are eliminated and the business runs far more efficiently [10]. In parallel with BPM and BPMS cloud computing service model has emerged to provide a more cost effective solution to organizations [7], helping to promote the adoption of a BPMS in its Software as a Service (SaaS) cloud computing service model, given the advantages associated with SaaS, namely [11-13]: unleash the organization from installing and maintaining applications and required infrastructure to run them, lowering the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO); promoting a higher level of service from vendors (proportional to subscription); lowering upfront costs; reducing the cost and effort of upgrades; freeing internal IT resources to be used elsewhere; improving the infrastructure scalability and manageability. With this kind of solution, different sort of stakeholders can access to solid accounting and finance management functionalities like financial and non-financial reporting from anywhere there’s an internet connection. Like in-house accounting systems, the web-based accounting information solutions may vary according to the components they offer, being the most important ones, core accounting, project accounting, fund accounting, inventory management, billing & invoicing, work order management, budgeting and forecasting, fixed asset accounting, financial reporting, payroll management or human resources [14]. Although Cloud BPMS appeared in the form of SaaS, other vendors present them as a Platform as a Service (PaaS) cloud computing service model, since BPMS enables the creation and deployment of applications, which allow the execution of customized business processes. The merge of BPM and Cloud concepts, led to the propose by Forrester Research of a new cloud computing service model, Business Process as a Service (BPaaS) [15], which combines business process management and SaaS concepts. In a search for the most recent rate of BPMS adoption, be it in the traditional form or in the more popular form of cloud computing service model, we found two studies of commercial nature, one from WinterGreen Research stating that the actual $3.4 billion market will reach $10 billion by 2020 [10] and another one from Market Reports Hub stating that the BPM market will grow from $4.71 billion in 2014 to $10.73 billion by 2019, with a compound annual growth rate of 17.9% [16]. |