دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله داروهای موثر بر شیر در طول شیردهی – NCBI 2018
دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی داروهایی که تولید شیر در طی شیردهی را تحت تاثیر قرار می دهند به همراه ترجمه فارسی
عنوان فارسی مقاله | داروهایی که تولید شیر در طی شیردهی را تحت تاثیر قرار می دهند |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله | Drugs affecting milk supply during lactation |
رشته های مرتبط | داروسازی و زیست شناسی، فارماکولوژی یا داروشناسی، علوم سلولی و مولکولی |
کلمات کلیدی | تغذیه با شیر، کابرگولین، دومپریدون، گالاکتاگوگ ها، شیردهی، متوکلوپرآمید، پرولاکتین |
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کیفیت ترجمه | کیفیت ترجمه این مقاله متوسط میباشد |
مجله | NCBI |
سال انتشار | ۲۰۱۸ |
کد محصول | F866 |
مقاله انگلیسی رایگان (PDF) |
دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی |
ترجمه فارسی رایگان (PDF) |
دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله |
خرید ترجمه با فرمت ورد |
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جستجوی ترجمه مقالات | جستجوی ترجمه مقالات |
فهرست مقاله: چکیده |
بخشی از ترجمه فارسی مقاله: مقدمه |
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی: Introduction Breast milk is a complex, living nutritional fluid that contains antibodies, enzymes, nutrients and hormones. Breastfeeding has many benefits for babies such as fewer infections, increased intelligence, probable protection against overweight and diabetes and, for mothers, cancer prevention.1 The World Health Organization recommends mothers breastfeed exclusively for six months postpartum. Breastfeeding is influenced by many complex physiological and psychosocial factors. While most women have a desire to breastfeed, some do not. In high-income countries such as Australia the duration of breastfeeding is shorter than in lowand middle-income countries. A 2011 Australian Institute of Health and Welfare survey estimated that only 56% of infants younger than six months were exclusively breastfed, and by 12 months this dropped to 30%. While breastfeeding should be encouraged, a woman’s right to choose not to breastfeed should be respected. By understanding the reasons for their decision, strategies can be offered to support their choice. Physiology of lactation Milk production begins between 10 and 22 weeks gestation. Within 48 hours of delivery, the mother produces a small amount of milk, mainly colostrum. However, it is not until serum progesterone decreases sufficiently, up to four days postpartum, that milk supply becomes more plentiful. Lactogenesis may be delayed if the baby is premature. Milk production is controlled by a complex interplay of hormones and neurotransmitters. Prolactin is secreted by the anterior pituitary in response to nipple stimulation. Its release is inhibited by dopamine from the hypothalamus. Within a month of delivery, basal prolactin returns to pre-pregnant levels in nonbreastfeeding mothers. It remains elevated in nursing mothers, with peaks in response to infant suckling. Drugs that act on dopamine can affect lactation. In response to suckling, oxytocin is released from the posterior pituitary to enable the breast to let down milk. Oxytocin release is inhibited by catecholamines produced if the mother is stressed or experiencing pain. The feedback inhibitor of lactation is a peptide found in breast milk. If the milk is not removed, the inhibitor will stop milk production. When the baby cannot suckle, expressing the milk will remove the inhibitor and encourage more production. |