دانلود رایگان ترجمه مقاله آگاهی دانشجویان پرستاری از نابرابری در بهداشت و درمان (نشریه الزویر ۲۰۱۷)

آگاهی دانشجویان پرستاری از نابرابری در بهداشت و درمان – یک چشم انداز متقاطع

Nursing students’ awareness of inequity in healthcare — An intersectional perspective

Abstract

Objective: The overall aim of the present study was to explore awareness of inequity in healthcare and the intersection between different structures of power among nursing students. Another aim was to delineate the knowledge and use of Swedish Healthcare Direct in this group.

Design: The study had a descriptive design with a quantitative approach.

Participants: The sample consisted of 157 nursing students from three universities in central Sweden.

Methods: The students filled out a study specific questionnaire in class. The questionnaire consisted of short descriptions of twelve fictive persons who differed in gender, age, and ethnicity, with questions about their life situation. The mean was calculated for each assessed fictive person for every item. In the next step, the assessments were ranked from the lowest probability to the highest probability. A ‘Good life-index’ consisting of quality of life, power over own life, and experience of discrimination, was also calculated. Free text comments were analysed qualitatively.

Results: People with Swedish names were assessed to have the highest probability of having a good life. Among those with Swedish names, the oldest woman was assessed as having the lowest probability of a good life. All students had knowledge about Swedish Healthcare Direct, but more female students had used the service compared to male students.

Conclusions: The results indicate that the nursing students had awareness of how power and gender, ethnicity and age, are related. Based on the free text comments, the questions and the intersectional perspective seemed to evoke some irritation which points to their sensitive nature. Therefore, the questionnaire could be used as a tool to start a discussion of equity in healthcare and in interventions where the aim is to raise awareness of inequality and intersectionality.

۱ Introduction

Nursing students are the future healthcare workforce. Their perceptions and awareness of inequity and intersectional perspectives of health and healthcare are therefore important to study. One way to decrease the disparity of care for vulnerable and minority groups is awareness of such perspectives. Equal care and good health for all citizens are stipulated by the Swedish Health Care Act (1982:763) and the Patient Act (2014:821), and has for decades been the guiding principle for healthcare in Sweden. Behind these laws lay the UN Declaration of Human Rights and, especially, Article 12 in the International Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, which have been ratified by the Swedish government. Previous research has, however, found that equal care is not always achieved in a Swedish context. Women are less likely to get expensive medicines and are less prioritized in healthcare (Smirthwaite, 2014). Women, elderly and people with low income have also been reported to receive liver surgery due to colon cancer to a lower extent (Norén et al. 2016). There are also gender related patterns in people’s health seeking behaviour. Women tend to seek healthcare more actively than men and they are also more eager to contact healthcare services on behalf of others (Höglund & Holmström, 2008; Kraemer, 2000).