این مقاله انگلیسی ISI در نشریه MDPI در 17 صفحه در سال 2018 منتشر شده و ترجمه آن 28 صفحه میباشد. کیفیت ترجمه این مقاله رایگان – برنزی ⭐️ بوده و به صورت کامل ترجمه شده است.
دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی + خرید ترجمه فارسی | |
عنوان فارسی مقاله: |
خانواده ژن Aux/IAA در گیاهان: ساختار مولکولی، تنظیم و عملکرد |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله: |
Aux/IAA Gene Family in Plants: Molecular Structure, Regulation, and Function |
|
مشخصات مقاله انگلیسی (PDF) | |
سال انتشار | 2018 |
تعداد صفحات مقاله انگلیسی | 17 صفحه با فرمت pdf |
رشته های مرتبط با این مقاله | زیست شناسی |
گرایش های مرتبط با این مقاله | علوم گیاهی، ژنتیک، علوم سلولی و مولکولی، فیزیولوژی گیاهی |
چاپ شده در مجله (ژورنال) | مجله بین المللی علوم مولکولی – International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
کلمات کلیدی | اکسین، خانواده ژن Aux / IAA، تنظیم، عملکرد |
رفرنس | دارد ✓ |
کد محصول | F1424 |
نشریه | MDPI |
مشخصات و وضعیت ترجمه فارسی این مقاله | |
وضعیت ترجمه | انجام شده و آماده دانلود |
تعداد صفحات ترجمه تایپ شده با فرمت ورد با قابلیت ویرایش | 28 صفحه (7 صفحه رفرنس انگلیسی) با فونت 14 B Nazanin |
ترجمه عناوین تصاویر و جداول | ترجمه شده است ✓ |
ترجمه متون داخل تصاویر | ترجمه نشده است ☓ |
ترجمه متون داخل جداول | ترجمه نشده است ☓ |
درج تصاویر در فایل ترجمه | درج شده است ✓ |
درج جداول در فایل ترجمه | درج شده است ✓ |
کیفیت ترجمه | کیفیت ترجمه این مقاله پایین میباشد |
فهرست مطالب |
چکیده |
بخشی از ترجمه |
چکیده |
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی |
Abstract Auxin plays a crucial role in the diverse cellular and developmental responses of plants across their lifespan. Plants can quickly sense and respond to changes in auxin levels, and these responses involve several major classes of auxin-responsive genes, including the Auxin/Indole-3-Acetic Acid (Aux/IAA) family, the auxin response factor (ARF) family, small auxin upregulated RNA (SAUR), and the auxin-responsive Gretchen Hagen3 (GH3) family. Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived nuclear proteins comprising several highly conserved domains that are encoded by the auxin early response gene family. These proteins have specific domains that interact with ARFs and inhibit the transcription of genes activated by ARFs. Molecular studies have revealed that Aux/IAA family members can form diverse dimers with ARFs to regulate genes in various ways. Functional analyses of Aux/IAA family members have indicated that they have various roles in plant development, such as root development, shoot growth, and fruit ripening. In this review, recently discovered details regarding the molecular characteristics, regulation, and protein–protein interactions of the Aux/IAA proteins are discussed. These details provide new insights into the molecular basis of the Aux/IAA protein functions in plant developmental processes. 1- Introduction In plants, many developmental processes are finely tuned by auxin, such as vascular tissue formation, adventitious root initiation, tropistic responses, apical dominance, and flower and fruit development. Auxin also affects cellular processes, such as cell division, enlargement, and differentiation [1–4]. Dynamic spatial and temporal changes in auxin levels can trigger gene reprogramming precisely and rapidly, which requires auxin early response genes, such as the Auxin/Indole-3-Acetic Acid (Aux/IAA) family, the auxin response factor (ARF) family, small auxin upregulated RNA (SAUR), aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS), glutathione-S-transferase (GH2/4-like), and the auxin-responsive Gretchen Hagen3 (GH3) family [3,5,6]. Among these genes, Aux/IAA family members have been identified as short-lived nuclear proteins that play a crucial role in repressing the expression levels of genes activated by ARFs [7,8]. It has also been demonstrated that auxin-mediated transcriptional regulation is exclusively dependent on the functions of Aux/IAA [9]. Aux/IAA proteins have been suggested to bind with ARFs and prevent activation of auxin-responsive genes in the absence of auxin. At high auxin levels, these proteins can be ubiquitinated by interacting with TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1/AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX (TIR1/AFB) receptors and subsequently degraded via the 26S proteasome [10–12]. The released ARFs regulate the expression of auxin-responsive genes [10]. The different TIR1/AFB-Aux/IAA protein combinations usually have differential auxin-binding affinities, and the auxin levels are different in different tissues and developmental phases, which results in distinct auxin-sensing effects [9,11,13,14]. Thus, the spatial–temporal dynamic change in auxin levels can be finely transformed into gene reprogramming signaling, thereby regulating the processes of plant growth and development in a precise manner. Over the past two decades, mutations in Aux/IAA genes have been intensely studied in Arabidopsis, and these studies have revealed that the members of this family display distinct functions in plant growth and development processes [15–18]. To date, 29 Aux/IAA gene family members in Arabidopsis have been isolated [18–20]. Meanwhile, many candidate genes that potentially regulate the stability of Aux/IAA proteins have also been identified [21,22]. It is noteworthy that a large number of Aux/IAA family members have also been identified in other plants, including Eucalyptus grandis, Solanum lycopersicon, Cucumis sativus, Populus trichocarpa, Zea mays, and Oryza sativa [23–29]. Recently, through the combined application of physiological, genetic, molecular, and biochemical methods, increasingly abundant new information regarding the mechanisms of Aux/IAA in regulating auxin signal transduction and auxin degradation has been obtained, and this information provides valuable opportunities to clarify the developmental processes fine-tuned by auxin signaling in plants. In this review, recent advances in the roles of Aux/IAA in regulating plant growth and development, as well as global and new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of these processes, will be presented.. |
دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی + خرید ترجمه فارسی | |
عنوان فارسی مقاله: |
خانواده ژن Aux/IAA در گیاهان: ساختار مولکولی، تنظیم و عملکرد |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله: |
Aux/IAA Gene Family in Plants: Molecular Structure, Regulation, and Function |
|
بسیار مفید بود
ممنون