دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی + خرید ترجمه فارسی | |
عنوان فارسی مقاله: |
بررسی مقطی سبک تربیت و دوستی به عنوان واسطه های رابطه بین کلاس اجتماعی و سلامت روان در یک جامعه دانشگاهی |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله: |
A cross-sectional investigation of parenting style and friendship as mediators of the relation between social class and mental health in a university community |
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مشخصات مقاله انگلیسی (PDF) | |
سال انتشار | 2015 |
تعداد صفحات مقاله انگلیسی | 11 صفحه با فرمت pdf |
رشته های مرتبط با این مقاله | علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی |
گرایش های مرتبط با این مقاله | روانشناسی تربیتی و مدیریت آموزشی |
چاپ شده در مجله (ژورنال) | مجله بین المللی عدالت در سلامت – International Journal for Equity in Health |
کلمات کلیدی | طبقه اجتماعی، وضعیت اجتماعی اقتصادی، سبک تربیتی، دوستی، یکپارچه سازی اجتماعی، سلامت روانی |
ارائه شده از دانشگاه | دانشگاه نیوکاسل، استرالیا |
رفرنس | دارد ✓ |
کد محصول | F955 |
نشریه | BMC |
مشخصات و وضعیت ترجمه فارسی این مقاله (Word) | |
وضعیت ترجمه | انجام شده و آماده دانلود |
تعداد صفحات ترجمه تایپ شده با فرمت ورد با قابلیت ویرایش | 10 صفحه با فونت 14 B Nazanin |
ترجمه عناوین تصاویر و جداول | ترجمه شنده است ☓ |
ترجمه متون داخل تصاویر | ترجمه نشده است ☓ |
ترجمه متون داخل جداول | ترجمه نشده است ☓ |
درج تصاویر در فایل ترجمه | درج نشده است ☓ |
درج جداول در فایل ترجمه | درج نشده است ☓ |
منابع داخل متن | درج نشده است ☓ |
کیفیت ترجمه | کیفیت ترجمه این مقاله متوسط میباشد |
توضیحات | ترجمه این مقاله به صورت خلاصه و ناقص انجام شده است. |
فهرست مطالب |
چکیده
مقدمه
مروری برتحقیقات جاری
روش
شرکت کننده ها و طرح
روش
شرکت کننده ها و طرح
سبک تربیت فرزند
دوستی و یکپارچگی اجتماعی
سلامت روان
روش
نتایج
تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی
طبقه اجتماعی
دوستی و سلامت روان
بحث
نتیجه گیری
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بخشی از ترجمه |
مقدمه |
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی |
Background It is now well-established that social class and socioeconomic status (SES) are positively related to mental health [1–7]. For example, a meta-analysis of 51 studies found that people with a higher SES are less likely to be depressed than people with a lower SES [5]. However, researchers remain unclear about the specific processes that underlie the relation between social class and depression. It is important to investigate social class differences in depression, mental health, and health in general because evidence-based interventions that reduce social class inequalities in mental and physical health can reap major economic benefits. For example, a recent report found that reducing the social class health inequality in Australia would result in savings of (a) $8 billion in extra annual earnings, (b) $3–4 billion per year in government pensions and allowances, (d) $2.3 billion per year in reduced health patient numbers, (e) $273 million per year in healthcare benefits, and (f ) $185 million per year in the reduced use of prescribe medicines [8]. Hence, the potential cost savings from even modest reductions in social class health inequality are sizeable. In the present research, we investigated a novel explanation of the relation between social class and mental health. We predicted that friendship, social integration, and parenting style mediate (account for) the relation between social class and mental health that occurs in university communities [9]. Below, we discuss the theoretical rationale and indirect evidence for this multiple serial mediator model. We begin by considering friendship and social integration as potential mediators of the relation between social class and mental health. Overview of the present research Given the theoretical and empirical relations between social class, parenting style, friendship and social integration, and mental health and well-being, it is plausible that parenting style and friendship and social integration mediate the relations between social class and mental health and well-being. This multiple serial mediation model is presented in Fig. 1. We investigated this previously-untested model in the context of a university community. Here, we predicted that that students from higher social class backgrounds have experienced a more authoritative and less authoritarian parenting style, and that these parenting styles encourage the development of a range of socially-beneficial psychological resources (e.g., self-management, promotion-focused selfregulation, social competence, theory of mind) that enable students to develop greater friendships and social integration at university. In turn, better friendships and social integration were expected to lead to better mental health and well-being due to their stress-buffering effects and beneficial effects on self-esteem, sense of belonging, and perceived social support. It is important to investigate the potential mediating roles of parenting style and friendship and integration in explaining the relations between social class and mental health because this type of research can inform the development of social interventions that improve the mental health of people from working-class backgrounds. In particular, our proposed model suggests two potential interventions: (a) proximal interventions that improve the social integration of working-class people and (b) distal interventions that encourage working-class parents to adopt more authoritative and less authoritarian parenting styles. We discuss these potential interventions in greater detail in the Implications section. Method Participants and design The research used a cross-sectional correlational design and quantitative self-report measures that were presented in an online survey. Participants were undergraduate psychology students at a large public Australian university. A large (N = 6044) cross-sectional survey that was conducted in 2010 confirmed that students at this university who had low incomes (indicated by their possession of a government healthcare card) were more likely to experience depression and anxiety [53]. Hence, the relation between social class and mental health was clearly evident in this population. The university had 27.32 % low SES students based on students’ residence in low SES locations. This figure was higher than average at Australian universities (15.95 %) but representative of the percentage of low SES people in the Australian population (~25 %). Ethical approval for the research was obtained from the university’s Human Research Ethics Committee (H2012–0382). The study was advertised in a list of other research studies via an online research participant pool system that was based within the psychology department. Participants were free to decide whether or not to complete the research. They were awarded 1.0 % course credit for taking part in the study. We performed an a priori power analysis in order to establish our sample size. A recent meta-analysis found that the relation between social class and the prevalence of depression was represented by an overall odds ratio of 1.81 with a 95 % CI of 1.57–2.10 [5]. This odds ratio is equivalent to an effect size of r = −.16. We calculated that 406 participants are required in order to detect an effect size of this magnitude using a two-tailed bivariate correlation test with an alpha level of .05 and a power value of .90. In the present research, this sample size was rounded up to 410 participants in order to account for potential participant withdrawals and the exclusion of outliers in the data. We collected data from 410 participants. Of these, 13 participants indicated that they did not want their data to be included in the data analyses. These 13 exclusions left a total of 397 participants. There were 321 women (80.86 %) and 76 men (19.14 %). This underrepresentation of men is typical in undergraduate psychology programs. To address this gender imbalance, we included gender as a covariate in our analyses in order to control for potential gender effects. Participants ranged in age from 17 to 51 years with a mean age of 21.94 (SD = 6.51). The majority of participants self-identified as Caucasian (89.0 %). The remainder self-identified as other (4.86 %), Aboriginal (2.81 %), Asian (2.81 %), or African (.51 %). Based on the measure of social class identity (see below for details), 13.85 % of participants described themselves as “working-class,” 6.80 % as “lower middle-class,” 40.05 % as “middle-class,” 30.98 % as “upper middle-class,” .99 % as “upper-class,” and 6.30 % indicated that they did not know their social class. |