دانلود ترجمه مقاله ارزیابی آزمایش کنترلر سیستم میکروگرید مولتی باس در زمان واقعی – مجله IEEE

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چکیده :
این مقاله بر روی طراحی و تجزیه و تحلیل یک کنترل کننده برای سیستم میکرو چند ورودی متمرکز شده است. کنترل کننده پیشنهادی قابل استفاده با هر مولد توزیعی یا سیستم (DG) در زیر شبکه شامل ولتاژ داخلی و حلقه های جریان درتنظیم اینورتر رابط شبکه سه فاز می باشد.
همچنین بررسی توان خروجی حلقه های کنترل برای کنترل توان اکتیو و راکتیو جهت سهولت به اشتراک گذاری توان بین مولدهای توزیع متوازی (DG) هنگامی که یک خطا در زیر شبکه رخ می دهد امری ضروری می باشد. کنترلر همچنین شامل الگوریتم های همزمان سازی برای تضمین اتصال مجدد هموار و ایمن از زیرشبکه ها و شبکه های همگانی مانند شبکه برق با پاک سازی خطا می باشد.
با اجرای کنترلر یکپارچه، سیستم زیر میکرو چند ورودی قادر خواهد بود که بین اثر جزیره ای (محدود شدن گسیل از کاتد لامپ الکترونی به مناطق کوچک خاصی از کاتد در شرایطی که ولتاژ شبکه کمتر از مقدار معینی باشد را اثر جزیره ای (island effects) گویند و حالت اتصال به شبکه بدون اخلال دربارهای بحرانی متصل به آن سوئیچ برقرار کند. عملکرد این کنترلر در شبیه سازی با استفاده از یک شبیه ساز دیجیتال زمان – طبیعی یا همان نرم افزار RTOS و بطور تجربی با استفاده ازیک نمونه آزمایشگاهی مقیاس بندی شده ، انجام شده است.

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I. INTRODUCTIONIN

THE last few years, small distributed generation (DG2 )systems, typically around 100 kW, have been gaining popularityamongst industry and utilities due to their higher operatingefficiencies and lower emission levels. These DG systems arepowered by microsources such as fuel cells, photovoltaic cells,batteries, and microturbines etc., and have already been used toshare peak generation during peak load hours when energy costis high and to provide standby generation during system outages[1]. A more recent concept is to group a cluster of loads and paralleledDG systems within a certain local area to form a microgrid[2], [3]. Being a systematic organization of DG systems, amicrogrid has larger power capacity and more control flexibilitiesto fulfill system reliability and power quality requirements,in addition to all the inherited advantages of a single DG system.Manuscript received July 16, 2003; revised June 3, 2004. Recommended byAssociate Editor L. M. Tolbert.The authors are with Centre for Advanced Power Electronics, School of Electricaland Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore639798 (e-mail: emahinda@ntu.edu.sg).Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TPEL.2004.8334561Built by RTDS Technologies, Inc.,Winnipeg, MB, Canada (http://www.rtds.com).2Without specific notification, DG in this paper means small capacity generationunits around 100 kW.Proper operation of the microgrid in both the grid-connectedand islanding modes requires the implementation of high performancepower flow control and voltage regulation algorithms.The implemented control algorithms should preferably have nocommunication links between the paralleledDGsystems, whichcan be located far apart. Thus, the control algorithms of eachindividual DG system should be designed to use only feedbackvariables that can be measured locally. Other desired performancefeatures include the appropriate sharing of changedpower demand in a predetermined manner between the paralleledDG systems when a utility fault occurs and the microgridislands, and the proper resynchronization of the micro and utilitygrids for smooth reconnection when the fault is cleared.To realize the aforementioned performance features, thispaper proposes a new unified controller for use with each DGsystem in the microgrid. By regulating the output voltage, theproposed controller controls power flow in the grid-connectedmode of operation, enables real and reactive power sharingbetween the parallel-operating DG systems when the microgridislands, and resynchronizes the microgrid with the utility beforereconnecting them. The presented controller can respond fast,allowing the controlled microgrid to transit smoothly betweenthe grid-connected and islanding modes without disruptingcritical loads connected to it. The performance of the proposedcontroller has been tested extensively in simulation using areal-time digital simulator (RTDS) and experimentally using ascaled hardware prototype.II. SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONFig. 1 shows the multibus microgrid configuration consideredin this paper, where two paralleled DG systems 1 and 2are employed. Each DG system is comprised of a dc source, apulse-width modulation (PWM) voltage source inverter (VSI)and LC filters. Under normal mode of operation, the microgridis connected to the utility system at the point of common coupling(PCC) usually through a static transfer switch (STS). Inthis mode, the two DG systems are controlled to provide localpower and voltage support for critical loads 1–۳٫ This configurationreduces the burden of generation and delivery of powerdirectly from the utility grid and enhances the immunity of criticalloads to system disturbances in the utility grid.