| دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی + خرید ترجمه فارسی | |
| عنوان فارسی مقاله: | خدمات اطلاعاتی در ایالات متحده و چین: مطالعه مقایسه ای |
| عنوان انگلیسی مقاله: | Information Services in the United States and China: A Comparative Study |
| دانلود مقاله انگلیسی: | برای دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی با فرمت pdf اینجا کلیک نمائید |
| مشخصات مقاله انگلیسی (PDF) و ترجمه مقاله (Word) | |
| سال انتشار مقاله | 2008 |
| تعداد صفحات مقاله انگلیسی | 16 صفحه با فرمت pdf |
| تعداد صفحات ترجمه مقاله | 20 صفحه با فرمت ورد |
| رشته های مرتبط | کامپیوتر، فناوری اطلاعات و مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات |
| مجله مربوطه | مجله بین المللی الکترونیک (International Electronic Journal) |
| دانشگاه تهیه کننده | موسسه تحقیقاتی فناوری اطلاعات الکترونیک(Electronic Technology Information Research Institute) |
| نشریه | Ebscohost |
بخشی از ترجمه:
سرویس های اطلاعاتی به صنعت خدمات تعلق داشته و آنها را به طرق مختلفی می توان طبقه بندی نمود. دراین راستا مقایسه ای در رابطه با سرویس های اطلاعاتی در ایالات متحده و چین انجام شده است. علی رغم برخی اختلافات در ترکیب صنعت سرویس های اطلاعاتی مربوطه آنها، چین و ایالات متحده دارای وجه اشتراک های بیشتری هستند. قرن ۲۱ فرصتهای زیادی برای توسعه سرویس های اطلاعاتی عرضه می کند.
در قرن ۲۱، اطلاعات به یک منبع و بنیان ضروری برای توسعه جامعه و اقتصاد تبدیل شده اند. خدمات جمع آوری، پردازش و تهیه اطلاعات، در یک زجیره صنعتی با نام خدمات اطلاعاتی باهم ادغام شده اند.
۱. کلیاتی در رابطه با خدمات اطلاعاتی
هدف خدمات اطلاعاتی، فراهم نمودن اطلاعات ارزش افزوده می باشد. در حقیقت، فراهم نمودن اطلاعات ارزش افزوده تنها راه برای ادغام خدمات اطلاعاتی محسوب نمی شود. خدمات اطلاعاتی راه خود را به درون صنایع دیگر نیز باز کرده و ارزشش در آنجا تحقق می یابد. ویژگی خدمات اطلاعاتی برای تعامل وبرهم کنش با طیف وسیعی از صنایع، اغلب باعث بروز این سردرگمی می شود که خدمات اطلاعاتی واقعاًچیست؟
۱. تعریف خدمات اطلاعاتی در این مقاله
مدتهای مدیدی است که آشفتگی ها و سردگمی های زیادی در مورد خدمات اطلاعاتی وجوددارد. دودلیل برای سردرگمی وجود دارد. اول از همه، خدمات اطلاعاتی همیشه در فاز توسعه و رشد می باشند. ثانیاً، خدمات اطلاعاتی همیشه به دیگر صنایع پیوند و گره خورده اند.
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
ABSTRACT: Information Services belongs to the services industry and can be classified in different ways. A comparasion has been made regarding Information Services in the United States and China. Despite some differences in the composition of their respective Information Services industry, China and the United States have more in common. The 21st Century offers many opportunities for the development of Information Services. In the 21st century, information has become an essential resource and foundation for the development of society and economy. Information collection, processing, and provision are integrated into an industrial chain by the name of Information Services. I. An Overview of Information Services Information Services is to provide value-added information. In fact, to simply provide value-added information is not the only way that Information Services contributes. Information Services also find its way into other industries and realizes its value there. The characteristic of Information Services to interact with a wide range of industries often gives rise to confusion as what Information Services really is. 1. Definition of Information Services in this paper For a long time, there is much confusion about Information Services. The reasons for such confusion are two-fold. First of all, Information Services is always in a phase of development and growth. Secondly, Information Services is always interterwined with other industries. Here is a definition about Information Services proposed in this paper. Information Services belongs to the services industry. It is based on the actual or potential information needs of the user, and affords a series of interconnected information collection, processing and provision services. Chinese Librarianship: an International Electronic Journal, 29. URL: http://www.iclc.us/cliej/cl26liu.pdf 2 Figure 1: Model of Information Services 2. Classification of Information Services As a fast-developing discipline, Information Services arouses heated debates over its classification. 2.1 Time-based Classification Next generation Information Services Chris Ferguson was the first researcher who discussed the next generation Information Services.[1] He (2000) proposed that next generation Information Services will be based on the combination of Information Services and Information Technology (IT). In China, next generation Information Services is called modern Information Services. The main viewpoint of modern Information Services is also based on the utilization of Information Technology. Chinese scholars believe that many new models of Information Services have emerged due to the advance of Information Technology. These new models of Information Services have the characteristics of zero distance, low-cost, and reduced consumption.[2] The typical next generation or modern Information Services combines remote database service, Internet news service, digital library service, etc. Traditional Information Services Traditional Information Services has been in existence for a long time. In general, traditional Information Services depends partially on Information Technology. In other words, it utilizes Information Technology for the sole purpose of rendering services better. Traditional Information Services has its own gigantic infrastructure and institutional presence, as embodied in libraries and archives. 2.2 Industry-based Classification In order to facilitate the collection of Information Services statistics, a common practice is to classify Information Services by industry. For instant, “marketing Chinese Librarianship: an International Electronic Journal, 29. URL: http://www.iclc.us/cliej/cl26liu.pdf 3 consulting service”, “data processing service” and “publishing services” are often mentioned in Information Services. However, due to the inconsistency of industrial classification between different countries, there lacks a standard sheme to classify Information Services by industry. Consequently, it is hard to determine which services is Information Services.2.3. Process-based Classification In 1988, Michael Porter and Victor Millar modelled “supply chains”,[3] and Jane Klobas (1998) further clarified it.[4] Figure 2 was showed in Jane’s paper. It means that any organization can be modelled as having a “supply chain” that reflects the need to seek raw materials from a supplier, to make a product or service that is at the core of the organization’s business, and to deliver products or services to customers. Figure 2: A supply chain “Supply chain” model is also applicable in Information Services. The chain includes information collection (as “Source” in Figure 2), information processing (as “Make”), and information provision (as “Deliver”). Figure 3: Information Services process In the above model, the collection phase can be further broken down to acquisition, preparation and preservation, the processing phase to organizing and research, and the provision phase to display, seeking and distribution. Information Services is divided into three phases according to the workflow, but it does not mean that an information service can only comprise of one of these three phases. It just means that a service must have these entire three phases in order to be qualified as Information Services. Chinese Librarianship: an International Electronic Journal, 29. URL: http://www.iclc.us/cliej/cl26liu.pdf 4 3. Components of Information Services The components of Information Services mainly refer to the conditions and circumstances through which an information provider provides information to users. Figure 4 shows some main components in Information Services.
| دانلود رایگان مقاله انگلیسی + خرید ترجمه فارسی | |
| عنوان فارسی مقاله: | خدمات اطلاعاتی در ایالات متحده و چین: مطالعه مقایسه ای |
| عنوان انگلیسی مقاله: | Information Services in the United States and China: A Comparative Study |
