دانلود مقاله ترجمه شده وسایل نقلیه الکتریکی بدون جاروب کننده با سیستم ترمز ضد قفل – مجله IEEE

• فهرست مطالب:

چکیده
۱ مقدمه
۲ اندازه گیری سرعت چرخ در ABS
۳ طراحی با نیروی محرکه بدون جاروب در چرخ ها
۴ ABS های هوشمند بدون سنسور
الف پایداری و قابلیت اطمینان
۵ تجزیه و تحلیل طول موج های EMF برگشتی
۶ نتایج تجربی و بحث
الف تنظیمات آزمایشگاهی
ب نتایج و بحث
۷ نتیجه گیری

• بخشی از ترجمه:

موتور بدون جاروب در حال حاضر انتخاب اغلب سیستم های نیروهای محرکه با ارزش اقتصادی مناسب است. ما نشان دادیم که سیگنال EMF برگشتی بدون جاروب در مرکز چرخ می تواند باعث ساده سازی آرایش ABS شود. پیشنها نوآورانه طراحی، هزینه های نهایی را کاهش داده و نگهداری خودرو با حذف نیاز به سیستم ABS جداگانه از سنسور می باشد. آزمایش های ما نشان می دهد که سیستم ABS بدون سنسور هوشمند قادر به تولید سرعت دقیق چرخ و انجام شناسایی جاده بوده که هر دو به طور قابل توجهی به عملکرد ABS کمک می کند. ما انجام تعدادی از آزمایش ها را در شرایط مختلف جاده ای انجام دادیم و نشان دادیم که دقت روش ارائه شده بالاتر از ABS سنسوردار تجاری است. از این رو نیاز به سنسور جداگانه می تواند حذف شود. به طور خاص نتایج تجربی نشان می دهد که دقت اندازه گیری حسگر در سرعت چرخ از موتور BLDC با 8 جفت قطب حدود 50% بهتر از آن هایی است که توسط ABS سنسور دار تجاری به وجود آمده است. این نتایج نشان می دهد که دقت اندازه گیری موتور در تعداد کم جفت و قطب ها هنوز هم 40% بهتر از سنسورهای تجاری است. زمانی که روش DWT اعمال می شود. استحکام حسگر ABS برای BLDC نیز با ABS معمولی مقایسه شد و نتایج نشان داد که استحکام قابل توجهی در موتورهای BLDC سه فاز وجود دارد.

• بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:

INTRODUCTION T HE antilock braking system (ABS) is a crucial safety system in modern vehicles. The role of the ABS is to maintain the steerability of the vehicle while trying to minimize the vehicle stopping distance in panic braking or challenging braking scenarios. In the last two decades, numerous attempts have been made to improve the performance of ABSs for conventional vehicles. As a result of using advanced control methods, the performance of ABS for conventional frictional brakes is close to optimal (see [1]–[6] and references therein). On the other hand, issues related to the design of ABSs for electric vehicles (EVs) have recently gained attention [7], [8], and the problem of designing ABSs for in-wheel EVs is yet to be investigated. In EVs that use the in-wheel design, a separate electric machine is available at each corner of the vehicle. These independent electrical machines provide unique opportunities for enhanced control strategies of the vehicle [9]. The availability of an electric machine at each corner of EV provides an additional degree of freedom in the design of the vehicle braking system as well. One approach is to use the regenerative back electromotive force (EMF) of the electric machine to recharge the EV batteries and produce regenerative braking torque to improve the performance of the braking system. However, in almost all existing EVs, it is common to disengage the regenerative braking torque during activation of ABSs and decelerate the vehicle entirely by the frictional braking torque [10]. The energy harvest during ABS activation cannot be economically justified as the ABS is rarely activated or is activated only for a very short time. The introduction of the additional regenerative braking torque could complicate the ABS control strategy and risks the safety of the vehicle. However, the regenerative back EMF of each in-wheel motor can still be effectively exploited to enhance the ABS of in-wheel EVs. Recently, a sensorless ABS was introduced in [11], and simulation results in the paper showed that the back EMF of a brushed in-wheel EV can be used to estimate wheel speed and identify road condition in real time. An accurate wheel speed measurement system for sensorless ABS of a brushed inwheel EV was realized in [12]. A more in-depth explanation of the above sensorless ABS was given in [13], which compared results of sensorless wheel speed estimations with measurement results of an actual ABS sensor. It was shown that the sensorless ABS introduced in [11]–[13] estimates the wheel speed with higher accuracy compared with ABS sensors and omits the need to install separate ABS sensors at each corner of the vehicle. The assumption underpinning this approach is that the regenerative back EMF can be used to simplify and improve the wheel speed measurement part of the ABS. This means that other parts of the ABS, including its controller, remain intact and the ABS standard or advanced control strategies that have been fully tested for many years and are legally approved can still be utilized. The above sensorless ABS was solely considered for brushed-dc-motor-driven in-wheel Evs. A brushed permanentmagnet dc motor has a very simple dynamic: Its back-EMF analysis is straightforward, and its efficiency and maintenance requirement are suboptimal due to the use of brushes for commutation. On the other hand, in-wheel EVs require motors with high efficiency and low maintenance for their propulsion system. As a result, brushless motors have gradually become the number one choice for almost all in-wheel EVs [8], [14]–[19]. This is despite the fact that the dynamics of brushless motors is more complicated than the brushed motors and therefore their back-EMF outputs are significantly different. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of developing a sensorless ABS for brushless-motor-driven in-wheel EVs that would significantly reduce their maintenance and final cost and simplify their design.